	A	B	C	D
1	Word	Part of Speech	Definition and Usage	Origin

2	-(a)du	adv.	Negation clitic. Used after the conjugated verb. Also used after declined nouns	OT *dugu 'to lack'
3	-(V)gya	n.	Derivational suffix meaning 'place of'	OT *agza, same as agya 'home'
4	-(V)k	n.o.	Nominaliser for verbs, makes an o-stem noun from a verb	OT *-ko
5	-(V)lí	sf.	Causative suffix	OT *-lé
6	-(V)nek	n.	Derivational suffix on verbs meaning 'instance of X'	OT *næxæ 'to appear'
7	-(V)pek	n.	Derivational suffix on verbs meaning 'tool of X'	OT *pæka 'fix', same as peka 'help'
8	-(V)tl	sf.	Dative marker	OT *tlæ 'to give'
9	-(x)ám	n.o.	Agentive derivational suffix	OT *xámo 'to do something habitually'
10	-t	vi.o.	Non-productive passive suffix. Used in many derivations	OT *-to
11	á(h)-	pf.	Diminutive prefix for nouns	OT *áho 'speck'
12	ábotlak	n.o.	Nickname	Diminutive of dotlak 'name'
13	abwé	adv.	Here	OT *abwǽ
14	ádl	vi.o.	To be new	OT *ádlo
15	ádloku		Again, newly, recently, repeatedly	Adverb og ádl 'to be new'
16	agya	n.	Home, place where one lives	OT *agza 'place'
17	an(i)-	pf.	Plural marker	OT *ane 'many'
18	apu	vt.	To create, to build, to assemble, to do	OT *apu
19	apya	vt.	To climb	OT *apya
20	áti	vi.	To be funny, humourous, weird	OT *áte 'to be obidient'
21	aufa	n.	Someone who is very skilled at construction, assembling, and generally at making stuff	Ocogian a úfino [ɐ ʊ́fm̥ɐ] “scientist, researcher”.
22	ba(s)-	pf.	Reflexive verb prefix	OT *basa 'body'
23	bágyas	vi.e.	To be old	OT *bágzasæ
24	bálwa	vt.	To trade, to sell, to exchange	Unknown origin
25	báxayi	n.	Mother, female parent. Often shortened to bá 'mom' as a nickname used by children	OT *báxaye
26	baxyepwi	vi.	To rise, to stand up	Reflexive of xyepwi
27	bayu	vi.	To dream, to have a dream	OT *bayu
28	bayune	n.	Dream, an instance of dreaming	bayu + -ne
29	bí-	pf.	Augmentative prefix for nouns	OT *bí 'boulder'
30	bíbáxayi	n.	Female chieftain, head of a tribe	Augmentative of báxayi 'mother'
31	bígáxayi	n.	Male chieftain, head of a tribe	Augmentative of gáxayi 'father'
32	bígegy	n.	Roof	Augmentative of negy 'hair'
33	bígu	n.	Seashell	OT *bégu
34	bíhim	vt.e.	To kill (unethically), to murder	OT *bíhemæ
35	bíliya	n.	Author	Augmentative of bíya
36	bími	n.	Manner, way, custom	OT *byime 'act, doing'
37	bísyégu	n.	World	Augmentative of syégu 'earth'
38	bíxo	adv.	Often, generally, a lot of the time	Contraction of bíxiho, locative of bíxi, augmentative of xi 'time'
39	bíya	n.	Animal, land mammal. Labial mutation: -liya	OT *bliya
40	bok	vt.o.	To add, to put together with	OT *boko
41	boki	n.	Sound, noice. Labial mutation: -loki	OT *bloke
42	bokotl	adv	Otherwise, also, in addition, among other things	Purposive of bok 'to add'
43	byel	n.o.	Partner, a person one spends their life with; lover	*byælo 'comrade'. Sameorigin as the comitative
44	da	n.e.	Road, path, way. Irregular: /-g-/ is inserted when suffixes or clitics are added: da-go-	OT *dagæ
45	dagyal	n.o.	Moon	OT *dagzalo
46	dák	n.o.	Arm and/or hand, the number 5	OT *dáko
47	dégwa	vt.	To follow	OT *dǽgwa 'to follow'
48	dégwat	vi.o.	To lead. The patient is placed in the dative, e.g. géga ulatl dégwat 'the man leads his fishing crew'	OT dǽgwato, passive of dǽgwa 'to follow'
49	dláha	vi.	To wake up, to awaken	OT *gláha
50	dláhak		The awakening. Refers to the belief that the dreaming god eventually will wake up, resulting in the end of our existance	OT gláhako, nominalisation of gláha 'to awaken'
51	dláhane	n.	An instance of waking up (from sleep)	dláha + -ne
52	dléya	n.	Head wear, piece of clothing to wear on your head; hat	OT *glǽya
53	dlíga	vi.	To be wise or knowledgable. (With the instrumental) To be experienced with something	OT *gléga
54	dligyá	vi.	To be great, to be good, to be positive	OT *glegzá
55	dlúhi	n.	Thing, stuff	OT *glúhi
56	dohe	n.	Tree. Mutation: -bohe	OT *dwohæ
57	dotl	n.o.	Human, person. Mutation: -botl	OT *dwoklo
58	dotlak	n.o.	Name	Contraction of dotl 'person' and umak 'saying'
59	dumá	vt.	To carry	OT *dumá
60	dúwu	n.	River, stream, flow of water	OT *dúwu
61	dzewu	adv	Exceeding, above. Used in comparative constructions	OT *dzæwu 'above'
62	ekyi	adv.	There	OT *æki 'there'
63	enwa	vt.	To know, to understand, to be aware (of something)	OT *ænwa
64	enwak	n.o.	Understanding, awareness	enwa + -k
65	eoku	n.	A type of cheese traded in the north	Ocogian éoku [ɛ́ɔʰqʷ] 'snacks'
66	esyu	vi.	To stand	OT *æsyu 'to stand'
67	étl	vi.o.	To taste well, to be of good taste, to be tasty	OT *ǽtlo
68	ga	conj.	And, also, but, so. Conjunction with wide usage	OT *ga
69	gán	n.o.	Stone, rock	OT *gáno
70	gáno	adv.	Still, not moving	Locative of gán 'stone'
71	gáwa	n.	Moment, a while	OT *gáwa
72	gáxayi	n.	Father, male parent. Often shortened to gá 'dad', as a nickname used by children	OT *gáxaye
73	géga	n.	Man, male human	OT *gǽga
74	gixo	n.	Egg	OT *gexo 'ball'
75	gunu	vi.	To beat, to pound. Most often used to describe the pounding of the heart, but sometimes used to describe the pounding of a hurting wound	OT *gunu
76	gyátsí	vt.	To gather up, to join, to unite, to assemble	OT *gyátsí
77	gyuxla	vi.	To be warm	OT *gzuxla 'to be warm'
78	há	adv.	Yesterday	OT *há 'yesterday'
79	háwa	vt.	To meet, to come by, to greet	OT *háwa 'to acknowledge'
80	hékyá	n.	Land, country	OT *hǽksá 'ground'
81	hila	n.	Fish. Synonymous with hima. Mutation: -yila.	OT *hyila
82	hima	n.	Fish; aquatic animal with gills that lack limbs. Synonym of hila	OT *hyima
83	holí	vt.	To save, to rescue; to ensure (something). Mutation: -wolí	OT *hwolé
84	huky	vi.o.	To sleep, to rest	OT *hukso 'to dream'
85	huky	n.o.	Sleep, rest	OT *hukso 'to dream'
86	hukyám	n.o.	The sleeper, the sleeping being. It is believed that all of existence is merely the dream of this god, and that once he awakens, existence will end	huky + -xám
87	huwo	n.	Cloud, that white stuff that floats in the sky	OT *huwo
88	ígal	vt.e.	To leave, to go out from, to come out of, to exit	OT *égalæ
89	ikuz	n.o.	Obligation, a must, something one is obliged to do. Used as a modal noun	OT *ekuzo 'duty'
90	iky	n.e.	Day	OT *ekyæ 'day'
91	ikyetl	adv.	Today	Dative of iky 'day'
92	ikyun	adv.	Tomorrow	OT *ekyæ unæ 'arriving day'
93	il	vt.e.	To take, to grab, to reach out and take	OT *ilæ, same origin as the accusative
94	illu	adv.	Then, after that, having done that, having said that	OT *ellu
95	ina	pron.	First person singular pronoun; I, me. See also sulu	OT *ina
96	ixat	n.e.	Top, hight, an elevation	OT *ixatæ 'hill'
97	ixwu	vi.	To walk	OT *exwu
98	kád	n.e.	Sun	OT *káde
99	kayi	n.	Nose	OT *kaye
100	ketsa	vi.	To be high, to be tall	OT *kætsa 'to be tall'
101	kolok	n.e.	Stick, branch, long wooden object	OT *kolokæ
102	ku	pron.	this, that. Dependent demonstrative pronoun used for both animate and inanimate objects	Of uncertain origin, but probably related to OT *ke
103	kuwá	vi.	To win, to succeed	OT *kuwá
104	kwám	pron.	This, that. Independent demonstrative pronoun used for animate objects	Contraction of ku xám 'this/that being'
105	kyaxe	v.t.	To wash, to rinse	OT *hyaxæ
106	kyéwetl	n.o.	Breath; air that is exhaled through the mouth	OT *hjǽwæklo
107	kyéwetl	vi.o.	To breathe	OT *hjǽwæklo
108	kyóti	vt.	To ponder (about something), to think about; to evaluate, to contemplate	OT *hyóte
109	kyúda	vt.	To kill ethically. A form of killing which has strict rules for how it is to be performed. Stands in contrast to bíhim, which is seen as unethical	OT *ksúda
110	kyupu	n.	Horse	CD *cupú, possibly Old Liqak
111	ládza	n.	Chin, jaw	OT *ládya 'chin'
112	legó	vt.	To wait	OT *lægó
113	leha	vt.	To shine, to emit light; to be bright	OT *læha
114	léwi	v.t.	To hit	OT *lǽwi
115	lígyak	n.e.	The lands of the east	Liqak Liqak 'Liqak'
116	lote	n.	Water that has spilled into the boat	CP lote 'water'
117	lwé	adv.	Soon, later	OT *lwǽ
118	lyík	n.e.	End, stop	lyéke 'end'
119	lyíkeku	adv.	Finally, eventually	Adverb of lyík 'end'
120	mádza	vt.	To place, to lay down or put up
121	mádzat	vi.o.	To sit, to be located at	OT mádyato 'to be sat, to be placed', passive of mádya 'to place'. Replaced the old verb *howa, which is still visible in the locative suffix -ho
122	mahéwo	vt.	To examine, to falsify, to see whether something holds true	Of uncertain origin. Possibly a loan from Liqak
123	mamaxi	vi.	To visit regularly	OT iterative of *maxe 'to go'
124	máwa	vi.	To drown, to die at sea	CP mauwa 'to die'
125	maxi	vt.	To go, to travel (somewhere); to arrive, to visit	OT *maxe 'to come'
126	máz	n.e.	Feather. Polysemous meaning: someone who is easy to negotiate with	OT *mázæ
127	mibu	n.	Face, forehead, front	OT *medwu 'face'
128	mibuho	adv.	In front of, facing	Locative of mibu 'face'
129	mizzu	vi.	To be bad, to be evil, to be ill-intentioned	Unknown origin
130	mizzuk	n.o.	Bad thing, unpositiviy, evil, ill intent	mizzu + k
131	móyo	n.	A strain of grass	OT *móyo 'strand'
132	na	conj.	And. Doesn't mean much. Just connects main clauses together with no sense of 'in addition'. - Falch, reconstructed from texts	Old form of ga
133	náb	vt.o.	To defend, to look after. Mutation: -gáb	OT *ŋábo
134	nakwu	vt.	To think, to have the opinion that	OT *nakwu 'to count'
135	napú	n.	Mountain	OT *napú
136	nassu	pp.	Before, previous to	OT *napsu
137	nassu	adv.	Earlier, before, at a previous time	OT *napsu
138	Nat	Int.	Yes	Contraction of yánat 'it is real'
139	nawu	vt.	To open
140	negekki	vi.	To write. Intransitive in its bare form. For use in transitive sentences, the reflexive form is used	OT ŋæŋække, iterative of ŋække
141	negy	n.o.	Hair (head). Mutation: -gegy	OT *ŋægyo
142	nekki	vi.	To make an etch	OT *ŋække
143	nódi	vi.	To be strong, to have great physical strength. Mutation: -gódi	OT *ŋóde
144	noxla	n.	Finger	OT *ŋoxla
145	núyu	vt.	To bind, to fasten (something). With the reflexive: to bind oneself (to someone); with the patient in the comitative; to marry	OT *ŋúyu
146	nyá	ptc.	What, who, which	OT *nyá
147	nyéwe	n.	Tribe, group of people; people, team	OT *nyǽwæ 'tribe'
148	o	ptc.	Interrogative particle.	OT *o
149	obá	vt.	To see, to watch, to look; to observe	OT *obá 'to see'
150	ódanyi	n.	A distance, a location far away, an unreachable distant or foreign land, unknown place	OT *ódanyi
151	ógi	n.	Night	OT *óŋe 'night'
152	ogu	vi.o.	To die; to sieze being alive	OT *ogu
153	ogyi	vi.	To be long; to be stretched out	OT *ogyi
154	okku	n.	Head	OT *okku
155	okyíli	n.	Old man, middle-aged man. Often used to describe men who are the oldest in their circles	OT *okséli 'turtle'
156	oz	ptc.	Archaic negation particle. Most common in the phrase yánat oz 'It is not true'	OT *ozo
157	págu	n.	Knife, tool used for cutting, typically made of flint	OT *págu
158	págu	vt.	To cut	OT *págu
159	pánu	n.	Singing, music, artistic expression of sound	OT *pánu
160	páts	vi.e.	To go, to flow	OT *pátsæ
161	peka	vt.	To help, to assist. (n.) Tool; object that’s used for doing some kind of work	OT *pæka, which also became the suffix -pe 'tool of X'
162	pele	n.	Dog	Possibly borrowed from an extinct Doan language
163	peta	n.	Bloke, bud, buddy, comrade	CP peta 'dog'
164	píku	n.	Crab	OT *píku 'to pinch'
165	ponu	vt.	To research, to investigate, to look into, to learn, to try to understand	OT *ponu 'to observe'
166	ponuk	n.o.	Learning, teaching, instruction	Nominalization of ponu 'to learn'
167	ponuxu	n.	That which has been investigated; knowledge, investigation	ponu + -xu
168	pówu	n.	Water	OT *póhwu
169	póxma	vt.	To mean, to be equivalent to, to translate to	OT *póxma
170	póxmaku	adv.	Meaning, essentially, equalling. Compare arabic ya3ni	Adverb of póxma
171	púka	vi.	To be quiet (used to describe people). Labial mutation: -lúka	OT *plúka
172	púmwa	vt.	To hear; to notice. Labial mutation: -lúmwa	OT *plúmwa
173	pyadzá	vi.	To be silent (used to describe situations, not people)	OT *pyadzá
174	pye	n.	Palm leaf. Traded with the Ókogy who use it for writing. Labial mutation: -le	OT *plæ
175	pyuga	n.	Ear	OT *pyuŋa 'ear'
176	pyuga	vt.	To hear	Zero-derived from the OT noun *pyuŋa 'ear'
177	sala	n.	Friend	OT *sala
178	sámma	n.	Bird	OT *sámma
179	sámmapu	v.i.	To be curious	Action verb from sámma 'bird'
180	saxu	n.	Brother, male sibling. Sibilant mutation: -ssaxu	OT *psaxu
181	sáya	vi.	To be blue	OT *sáya 'to be seasick'
182	sulu	pron.	First person respecful singular pronoun. Used by younger people talking to elders. See also ina	OT *sulu 'child, young one'
183	syégu	n.	Earth, soil	OT *syǽgu 'dirt'
184	tiha	adv.	Happily, gladly	OT *teha
185	tílegy	vi.e.	To be hungry, to want food	OT *télægyæ
186	tle	vt.	To give. Transitive, the indirect object takes the dative
187	tlitsu	n.	Place, area; town, village	OT *kletyu 'place'
188	tlo	adv.	Now	OT *tlo
189	tlomi	n.	Leg and/or foot	OT *klome 'leg'
190	tlugwa	n.	Woman	OT *klugwa
191	tluhó	vt.	To love, to adore; to have great affiliation for	OT *kluhó
192	tólib	vi.o.	To act like someone, to imitate someone. Can be used with an object by placing it in the dative, e.g. wo hatl tólibomé 'he has started to imitate you'	OT *tólebo
193	tolyé	n.	Flower. Alveolar mutation: -polyé	OT *twolyǽ 'grass'
194	tótoa	n.	Fish bone, the bone of a fish	CP totoa 'bone'
195	Toz	Int.	No	Contraction of yánat oz 'it is not real'
196	tozzu	vt.	To find	OT *tobzu 'to catch'
197	ts(i)-	pf.	Collective prefix	OT *tiwa 'group, whole'
198	tságye	vi.	To taste well, to be delicious	OT *tyágyæhæ
199	tsébet	vi.o.	To perish, to dissapear, to vanish	OT tyǽbæto 'to be forgotten', passive of tyǽbæ 'to forget'
200	tsidotl	n.o.	Humanity, Mankind	Really the collective of dotl 'human'
201	tsila	vi.	To be cold	OT *tsipla
202	tsimáz	n.e.	Wing	Collective of máz 'feather'
203	tsimóyo	n.	Body hair. Also has the dated meaning of 'grass'.	Collective of móyo 'strain of grass'
204	tsixo	adv.	All of the time, always	Contraction of tsixiho, locative of tsixi, collective of xi 'time'
205	tsodu, tsixodu	adv.	Never	Contraction of tsixodu, negative of tsixo 'most of the time'
206	tuwa	n.	Shiny rock; a rock that light can pass through. Alveolar mutation: -puwa	OT *twuhwa
207	úl	vt.e.	To notice, to become aware of	OT *úlæ
208	ula	n.	A group of fishers that go fishing together, cf. nno. fiskarlag	CP ula 'tribe, groub'
209	ulu	vi.	To be green	OT *ulu 'to be green'
210	uluk	n.o.	Frog	OT *uluko, nominalization of ulu 'to be green'
211	uma	n.	Mouth, inside, interior. Also used to refer to human speech; talk, speech, language, communication	OT *uma
212	uma	vt.	To say, to mention, to talk about, to utter	OT *uma
213	umaho	pp.	Inside (of)	Locative of uma 'mouth'
214	umak	n.o.	Saying, word(s), sentence, phrase, expression	Nominalisation of uma 'mouth, speech'
215	wigí	vi.	To be heavy, to be difficult to handle	OT *wigé 'to be heavy'
216	wikyun	adv.	In a few days	Related to OT *ekyæ 'day'
217	wisan	n.e.	Peninsula, cape	Old Liqak wisan 'cape, nose'
218	wo	pron.	Third person singular pronoun; he, she, it.	OT *wo
219	woga, woka	conj.	Therefore, because (of this).	Instrumental of wo. The form woka is likely analogy with the causal converb suffix -ka
220	wohá	adv.	A few days ago	Related to OT *há 'yesterday'
221	xalá	vt.	To eat.	OT *xalá
222	xám	n.o.	Higher being; god. Now archaic; being, creature	OT *xámo 'being, creature'
223	xan	vi.	To peak up, look upwards, peak through	OT *xan
224	xandléya		Mushroom	Compound between xan and dléya, literally "hat that peaks up (from the earth)"
225	xaswa	n.	Heart; soul. In the culture of the speakers it is believed that the soul resides in the heart.	OT *xaswa
226	xéfatlu	n.	One who hides something, who doesn’t tell the whole truth.	Ocogian ‘ývitu [ʔɘ́ftɬʷ] 'One who fits in'
227	xéku	n.	Wish, desire. Mostly used as a modal noun, the most common word for it being ozak, a nominalisation of oza “to want”.	OT *xǽku
228	xemau	n.	Cat or cat like animal.	CP emau 'cat'
229	xi	n.	Time, duration, period	OT *xe
230	xidága	vi.	To be similar, to be imitative	OT *edága
231	xiddzi	n.	Star, small light on the night sky	OT *xeddi
232	xmokó	n.	Child, kid, young human being	OT *xmokó
233	xmwéxsyágy	n.e.	A type of squeaky cheese used for protein. Similar to paneer and halloumi.	Ocogian [ⁿqæːcɕʼɐʔtɬ] of the same meaning
234	xnaga	vt.	To attempt, to try	OT *xnaga
235	xópi	n.	Fly, flying insect	OT *ópe
236	xósa	vt.	To hold, to grasp	OT *xósa 'to keep'
237	xot	vt.e.	To accompany, to be (close) to. Semantically weak verb. Used when the comitative or abessive act as predicate	OT xotæ 'to follow' and næme 'to accompany'
238	xú	vt.	To drink, to consume a liquid.	OT *xú
239	xugwa	n.	Ankle	OT *xugwa
240	xul	vi.o.	to be whole, to be complete	OT *xulo
241	xuloku	adv.	fully, entirelly, wholly	Adverb of xul 'to be whole'
242	xwehu	pron.	This, that. Independent demonstrative pronoun. Used for inanimate objects	OT *xwæhu
243	xwikya	vi.	To be hard, to be solid; to be unfair, to be brutal, to be strict	OT *xwiksa
244	xyepwi	vt.	To raise, to lift.	OT *xyæpwi
245	ya	n.	Small animal, lizard	Back-formation of bíya analysing bí- as the augmentative
246	yána	vt.	To remember, to come in mind.	OT *yána 'to know, understand'
247	yána	n.	Ability. Modal noun: can, be able to, may	Perhaps a zero-derivation of OT *yána 'to know'
248	yánat	vi.o.	To be real, to be true, to exist.	OT yánato, passive of yána 'to know'
249	yánatoku	adv.	Truly, actually, in truth, verily, in fact, in reality	Adverb of yánat 'to be real'
250	yéhi	n.	Fabric, cloth (from animals)	OT *yǽhe 'fur, pelt, coat'
251	zala	n.	Neck, nape; the part that connects the head to the rest of the body. Mutated form -zzala.	OT *bzala
252	zéd	n.o.	Danger, fright. Sibilant mutation: -zzéd	OT *bzǽdo
253	mínu	vi.	To be pretty, to be beautiful	OT *ménu
254	ponuxám	n.o.	Teacher, instructor	ponu 'teach' + -xám, agent suffix
255	xyepwixu	n.	Monument, pedestall, tall wooden structure	Resultative of xyepwi 'to raise'
256	zabu	vi.	To live, to exist, to be alive	OT *zabu 'to live'
257	atta	num.	One	OT *atta
258	aggal	vi.e.	To lie, to tell something which is untrue	OT *aggalæ
259	obáxu	n.	Observation	Resultative of obá 'to see'
260	ozak	n.o.	Desire, Wish	Nominalisation of oza 'to desire'
261	oza	vt.	To desire, to wish	OT *oza
262	láw	n.e.	Bush	OT láwæ
263	kená	vt.	To like, to enjoy